Valve



Oct. 22, 1940. J. G. MBRODEN 2,218,871 V VALVE Filed Marh 7, 1939 Patented Oct. 22, 1940 PATENT OFFICE VALVE John Gustar Mauritz Brodn,Malmo, Sweden, f .assigner to Kockums Mekaniska Verkstads Aktiebolag, Malmo, Sweden,

Sweden a corporation of` Application March 7, 1939, Serial No. 260,449 In Sweden March 24, 1938 7 Claims. n (Cl. 251-27) The present invention relates toy valves and in particular to high `pressure valves of comparatively small dimensions.

The valve. bodies and the valve seats are usually constructed in different manners. For instance, the Valve body is provided with an insertion of soft material, while the valve seat consists of a hard material. To obtain perfect sealing between these parts, the valve body must be accurately guided'in the axial direction sothat it will always be in the same sealing position relative to the seat, in which case the sealing force need not be very great, or, if the valve body is not exactly guided in its axial direction and l thus takes different sealing posi-tions relative to the seat, the sealing force must be comparatively great so that it can deform the soft material so that the same will tightly fit the casual shape of the contact surface. In the first-named instance, the exact guiding often causes interlocking of the materials moving relative to each other.' This construction renders possible the use of hard materials only which seal against each other.

25 The present invention has forits object to avoid the inconveniences adherent to said known constructions and to provide a valve construction 'whichV excludes the risk of interlocking and reduces the required sealingforce and which provides an effective `guidance for `the valve body relative to the valve seat and yet permits the valve body to move rather inrestrainedly.r

'I attain this object by mechanism illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, inwhich: y

Figure `1 is a longitudinal section of a valve constructed in accordance with the invention;

Figure '2 is a similar section showing a modified embodiment;

Figure 3 is a detail of Figure l, shown to a larger scale; and Figures 4 to v8 show anumber of modifications of the valve .body and seat construction according to 'Figure 1. v

'In the figures, similar reference numerals refer to 'similar parts. y

'Referring to Fig. 1, the valve seat 4I is secured to the valve box 2 by means of a screw 3. yThe seat is provided with a central openingrll for thel gas or other fluid. On that side of the seat where the valve body is disposed, the vwall of the opening is in the form of an annular abutting edge 5 of triangular cross-section. A :similar edge l6 is disposed outwardly of the edge 5. The

valve `bodyf'i is connected to a lifting rod 8 and 55 provided with two openings 9. A pointed sleeve il is pressed towards a recess I9 in the valve 'body under the inuence of a helical spring Ill. Numeral I2 denotes an adjusting screw, and numeral I3 indicates a'cylindrical body provided with openingsl. The pointed sleeve Il is arranged to slide on a pin l5 connected to the screw l2 and is provided with a collar i6 for the spring I9.

The operation o f the Valve is as follows: When the rod 8 is moved upwardly, the valve body l will be lifted, and the gas or other fluid can flow from the space surrounding the cylindrical body I3 through the openings I4, 9 and!! to the place of consumption. Due to the openings 9, the pressures acting on the upper and lower surf-ace of the valve body will substantiallyfcounterbalance each other whereby the required lifting force is reduced. Since the diameter of the valve seat proper, that is the sealing edge 5, is very small, it is difficult soto guide the valve body by its abutting the seat only that it will not be likely to move into an oblique position relative to the sealing edge and thereby to endanger the same. To prevent such movement, the valve seat is provided with an additional edge 6 for guiding the valve body. In the embodiments shown in Figs. l to 5, the point of this edge lies in the same plane as the point of 1the sealing edge 5. The guide edge prevents the edge 5 from being exposed to damage by the valve body l.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is constructed substantially in the same manner as that sho-wn in Fig.l 1, with vthe exception that the valve body is held in closed position by the diiference of the forces exerted by the spring l0 and the fluid, .whereas in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 the sum of the said forces tends to keep the valve body in contact with the seat.

The valve seat l is again secured to the valve box 2 by means of a screw 3 and has an vopening i and is provided with a sealing ledge 5 and a guide edge 6. The valve body l' vhas openings 9 andl is pressed on the seat by means of a pointed sleeve il subjectedv to the action of the spring i9. T'he lower end of the spring rests against a screw l2 which tightly closes the interior of `the valve. The sleeve Il has openings ll for balancing Athe uid pressure and is connected to a wire 8 which extends through the head of the screw l2 with a tight i'lt.

v If the wire 8 is4 pulled downwards, the valve body will be removed from its seat under the influence of the pressure prevailing above the seat, and fluid will flow from the space above the seat through the openings 4 and 9 and further the a corresponding recess I9 in the valve body, said Y recess having a greater angle than the pointed portion of the sleeve. The clearance between the valve body and the surrounding wall is comparatively large so as vto prevent interlocking. T'he valve body as well as the seat are made of a very hard material. When the valve body is moved from the seat, fluid flows not only through the openings 9, but also past the edge 6. However, the openings 9 are preferably made so large that the greatest portion of the fluid will pass therethrough. The valve body and the seat should be nished very carefully.

The choice of the dimensions of the valve body and seat is of importance for obtaining a perfect sealing under all conditions. Under the influence of the pressure exerted on the valve seat shown in Fig. l, the seat will sag, say by twenty thousandths of an inch. In spite of the fact that the pressure exerted on the valve body is considerably lower, the valve body should sag to the same extent as the seat so as tok ensure a perfect seal. This condition is fulfilled if f Where S1 denotes the thickness of the valve seat regardless of the edges and 6, S2 the thickness of the valve body regardless of the recess I9, r1 the radius of the tightening edge, r2 the radius of the guide edge, and R the radius of the opening 4 in the valve (Fig. 3).

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the sag is of minor importance. Here, the valve seat should be made still stronger so as to enable the guide edge to serve its purpose.

Within the scope of the invention, several of the parts shown can be modified as to their shapes, dimensions and arrangements. For instance, the sealing edge and the guide edge may be provided on the valve body rather than on the valve seat, as shown in Fig. 4.

In the modication shown in Fig. 5, the sealing edge 5 is provided on the valve body l, whereas the guide edge 6 is provided on the valve seat I. An inverse arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 6 where the sealing edge is arranged on the valve seat, and the guide edge on the valve body.

In the modication shown in Fig. 7, the valve body is provided with both the sealing edge and the guide edge. In this instance, however, the edges are disposed in different parallel planes. Accordingly, the upper side of the valve seat I provides two parallel surfaces` 2U and 2l adapted to be simultaneously in contact with the edges 5 and 6, respectively.

The guide means need not necessarily be in the form of an uninterrupted edge, but may consist of a number of separate members 22 (Fig. 8) the abutting surfaces of which are disposed in a plane at right angles` to the longitudinal axis of 'the part to which they are fixed.

What I claim is:

l. A valve comprising a valve box, a stationary valve member secured to said box, a movable valve member adapted to move towards and away from said stationary member and having a limited possibility of free movement in said box, a sealing edge on one of said members for preventing flow of fluid through said stationary member, a plane surface on the other one of said members for engagement with said sealing edge in the closed position of the valve, a guide edge for said movable member on one of said members, a plane surface on the other one of said members for engagement with said guide edge in the closed position of the Valve, said guide edge being disposed radially outwardly of and around said sealing edge, said edges and said surfaces being located in planes at right angles to the direction of movement of said movable member and bounding a substantially annular space, and means independent of the position of said movable member for providing a communication between said space and the opposite side of said movable member.

2. A valve comprising a valve box, a stationary valve member secured to said box, a movable valve member adapted to move towards and away from said stationary member and having a limited possibility of free movement in said box, a circular sealing edge on one of said members for preventing flow of uid through said stationary member, a plane surface on the other one of said members for engagement with said sealing edge in the closed position of the valve, a circular guide edge for said movable member on one of said members, a plane surface on the other one of said members for engagement with said guide edge in the closed position of the valve, said guide edge being concentric with respect to said sealing edge and having a diameter at least three times as great as the diameter of said sealing edge, said edges and said surfaces being located in planes at right angles to the direction of movement of said movable member and bounding a substantially annular space, and means independent of the position of said movable member for providing a communication between said space and the opposite side of said movable member.

3. A valve comprising a valve box, a stationary valve member secured .to said box, a movable valve member adapted to move towards and away from said stationary member, spring-actuated means for forcing said movable member against said stationary member, a universal connection between said spring-actuated means and said movable member permitting of slight movements of said movable member relative to said means, a sealing edge on one of said members for preventing flow of fluid through said stationary member, a plane surface on the other one of said members for engagement with said sealing edge in the closed position of the valve, a guide edge for said movable member on one of said members, a plane surface on the other one of said members for engagement with said guide edge in the closed position of the valve, said guide edge being disposed radially outwardly of and round said sealing edge, said edges and said surfaces being located in planes at right angles to the direction of movement of said movable member and bounding a substantially annular space, and means independent of the position of said movable member for providing a communication between said space and the opposite side of said movable member.

4. A valve comprising a valve box, a stationary valve member secured to said box and having a central opening for the iiow therethrough of fluid, a movable valve member adapted to move towards and away from said stationary member and having a limited possibility of free movement in said box, a sealing edge on one of said members for preventing flow of fluid through said'stationary member, a plane surface on the other one of said members for engagement with said sealing edge in the closed position of the valve, a guide edge for said movable member on one of said members, a plane surface on the other one of said members for engagement with said guide edge in the closed position of the valve, said guide edge being disposed radially outwardly of and round said sealing edge, said edges and said surfaces being located in planes at right angles to the direction of movement of said movable member and bounding `a substantially annular space, and means independent ofthe position of said movable member for providing a communication between said space and the opposite side of said movable member, the thickness of said movable member being at the most equal to f f where Si is the thickness of said stationary member, r1 the radius of said tightening edge, r2 the4 radius of said guide edge, and R the radius of said central opening. Y

5. A valve comprising a valve box, a stationary valve member secured to said box, a movable valve member adapted to move towards and away from said stationary member and having a limited possibility of free movement in said box, a sealing edge and a guide edge on one of said members, a plane surface on the other one of said members for engagement with said edges in the closed position of the valve, said guide edge beingdisposed radially outwardly of and round said sealing edge, said edges and said surface being located in a plane at right angles to the direction of movement of said movable member and bounding a substantially annular space, and means independent of the position of said movable memberv n for providing a communication between said space 6. A valve comprising a valve box, a stationary valve member secured to said box, a movable' a guide edge ontheother one of said members,

plane surfaces on said members for respective engagement with said edges,'said guide edge being disposed radially outwardly ofy and around said sealing edge, said edges and said surfaces being located in planes at right angles to the directiony of movement of said movable member and bounding a-substantially annular space, and means independent of the position of said movable member for providing a communication between said space and the opposite side of said ymovable member.

7. A valve comprising a valve box, a stationary valve member secured to said box, a movable valve member adapted to move towards-and away from said stationary member and having a limited possibility of free movement in said box, a f

valve, said guide edge being disposed radially outf wardly of and around said sealing edge, said edges and said surfaces being located in planes at right angles to the direction of movement of said movable member and bounding a substantially an-` nular space, and means independent of the position of said movable member for providing a communication between said space and the opposite side of said movable member.

JOHN GUsTAF MAURrrz 'BRODN 

